Apparent Impedance Swing Circle

This page plots the apparent impedance seen at the machine terminals as the internal machine angle δ changes with respect to the system equivalent.

One-line diagram

Source Magnitudes

|E|, internal machine voltage (pu).
|V|, system voltage reference (pu).

Generator Impedance ZG

RG:    XG:

GSU Impedance ZT

RT:    XT:

System Equivalent ZS

RS:    XS:

Angle Range

Starting δ in degrees.
Ending δ in degrees.
Scale (top figure only)

COMTRADE Export

Swing Rate (deg/sec):
# of Swings:
Voltage Format:
Nominal Frequency:
Apparent impedance swing circle